AOD-9604¶

Identification¶

Property	Value
CAS Number	221231-10-3
Molecular Formula	C₇₈H₁₂₃N₂₃O₂₃S₂
Molecular Weight	~1,815.1 Da
Sequence	H-YLRIVQCRSVEGSCGF-OH (cyclic, Cys⁷–Cys¹⁴ disulfide)
Amino Acid Count	16 (cyclic via disulfide bond)
Appearance	White to off-white lyophilized powder
Purity Standard	≥99% by HPLC
Solubility	Soluble in sterile water or PBS
Storage	2–8°C, desiccated, protect from light

Category: Metabolic

Catalog SKU: PSH-AOD-2MG

Research Background¶

AOD-9604 is the synthetic C-terminal fragment of human Growth Hormone, spanning amino acids 177 through 191. This 16-amino acid cyclic peptide retains the lipolytic domain of hGH while lacking the N-terminal region required for Growth Hormone Receptor (GHR) binding and subsequent IGF-1 induction. The result is a precision tool for studying adipose tissue lipolysis without the confounding effects of the GH/IGF-1 axis — including insulin resistance, IGF-1 elevation, and growth-promoting activity.

Key Mechanisms¶

Mechanism	Details
β3-Adrenergic Receptor	Agonism at β3-AR on adipocytes → cAMP → hormone-sensitive lipase activation
No GH Receptor Binding	Fragment lacks amino acids 1–176 required for GHR binding → no IGF-1 induction
Chondrogenesis	Independent chondrocyte proliferation pathway — not mediated through GH/IGF-1 axis

Research Focus Areas¶

Adipose Lipolysis¶

Selective fat mobilization via β3-adrenergic pathway without IGF-1 elevation

Cartilage Repair¶

Chondrocyte proliferation & proteoglycan synthesis in osteoarthritis models

Metabolic Research¶

Fat oxidation during caloric deficit; glucose homeostasis preservation

Body Composition¶

Fat mass reduction without lean mass loss in rodent models

Available Configurations¶

Configuration	Content	Best For
Standard Kit	2 mg × 10 vials	Lipolysis models; evaluation orders
Bulk Kit	5 mg × 10 vials	Chronic metabolic models; repeat orders
Custom	Custom mg × custom vials	OEM; private-label; protocol-specific

Tiered Wholesale Pricing¶

Volume	Discount	For
1 kit	List price	Evaluation; competitive analysis
5+ kits	10% off	Initial portfolio expansion
20+ kits	20% off	Mid-size distributors
50+ kits	30% off	Regional distributors

Quality Specifications¶

Parameter	Method	Criterion
Purity	HPLC at 214 nm, C18 column	≥99.0% peak area
Identity (MW)	ESI-MS	~1,815.1 ± 1.0 Da
Appearance	Visual inspection	White to off-white powder
Disulfide Bond	Ellman's test	Confirmed cyclic (Cys⁷–Cys¹⁴)
Residual Moisture	Karl Fischer	≤3%

Frequently Asked Questions¶

Q1: What is AOD-9604 and how does it relate to HGH?¶

AOD-9604 is the synthetic C-terminal fragment (amino acids 177-191) of human Growth Hormone. It retains the lipolytic domain of hGH without the GHR binding region — meaning it stimulates fat breakdown without raising IGF-1 levels.

Q2: Does AOD-9604 affect blood glucose like full HGH?¶

No. Unlike full-length hGH (which can induce insulin resistance via its diabetogenic domain), the 177-191 fragment does not impair glucose tolerance. The diabetogenic domain of hGH resides outside the 177-191 sequence.

Q3: What is the role of the disulfide bond in AOD-9604?¶

The Cys⁷–Cys¹⁴ disulfide bond is essential for the cyclic structure and biological activity. It constrains the peptide into the conformation required for β3-adrenergic receptor interaction. Verified by Ellman's test in every batch.

Q4: What purity specification applies to AOD-9604?¶

≥99% by HPLC at 214 nm with ESI-MS identity confirmation and Ellman's test for disulfide verification. Batch-specific COA included.

Q5: What is the difference between AOD-9604 and full-length HGH?¶

HGH (191 amino acids, ~22,125 Da) activates all GH receptor pathways including IGF-1 elevation and insulin resistance. AOD-9604 (16 amino acids, ~1,815 Da) is a precision fragment targeting only the lipolytic domain.

Key Research References¶

Reference	PMID	Key Finding
Ng FM et al. "Metabolic studies of a synthetic lipolytic domain (AOD9604) of human growth hormone." Horm Res. 2000;53(6):274–278.	11146367	AOD-9604 retains lipolytic activity of hGH without stimulating IGF-1; selective β3-adrenergic-mediated fat mobilization
Heffernan M et al. "The effects of human GH and its lipolytic fragment (AOD9604) on lipid metabolism following chronic treatment in obese mice and in diet-induced weight loss." Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2001;280(3):E478–E487.	11713213	AOD-9604 increased fat oxidation and reduced body weight in obese mouse models without affecting glucose homeostasis

Stability & Storage¶

Condition	Degradation Profile
Lyophilized Storage	Standard peptide stability; 24 months at 2–8°C in desiccated environment, protect from light
Neutral pH (6.0–7.5)	Stable; recommended for reconstitution in sterile water or PBS
Alkaline pH (>8.0)	Risk of disulfide bond reduction and peptide degradation; avoid alkaline buffers
Disulfide Bond Integrity	The Cys⁷–Cys¹⁴ disulfide bond is essential for cyclic structure. Reducing agents (DTT, β-mercaptoethanol) destroy biological activity
Reconstituted Solution	24 h at 2–8°C; aliquot and freeze at −20°C for extended use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw
Temperature	No special handling beyond lyophilized storage at 2–8°C

Source & Purchase¶

For research-grade AOD 9604 and related compounds in this category, visit the PeptideSourceHub category page for bulk pricing and available specifications.

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